Inkqubo yokusukwa kwesikhumbalinyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuguquleni izikhumba zezilwanyana zibe yinto ehlala ixesha elide, enokuthi isetyenziswe kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwimpahla kunye nezihlangu ukuya kwifenitshala kunye nezixhobo.Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ekwenziweni ulusu zidlala indima ephambili ekumiseleni umgangatho kunye neempawu zesikhumba esigqityiweyo.Ukuqonda izinto ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli ezibandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yokushukwa kwesikhumba kubalulekile kuye nabani na obandakanyekayo kushishino lwesikhumba.
Enye yezona zinto zisetyenziswayo ukwenza ulusu yisikhumba ngokwaso.Izikhumba zihlala zifunyanwa kwizilwanyana ezinjengeenkomo, iigusha, iibhokhwe, neehagu, ezikhuliselwa inyama yazo kunye nezinye iimveliso.Umgangatho wesikhumba uphenjelelwa zizinto ezifana nenzala yesilwanyana, ubudala, kunye neemeko esikhuliswe phantsi kwazo.Iifihlo ezinamabala ambalwa kunye nobukhulu obulinganayo ngokuqhelekileyo zikhethwa kwimveliso yesikhumba.
Ukongeza kwizikhumba zezilwanyana, ii-tanneries nazo zisebenzisa iindidi ngeendidi zeekhemikhali kunye nezinto zendalo ukuququzelela inkqubo yokutshisa.Enye yezona arhente zokulukwa zemveli yitannin, ikhompawundi eyenzeka ngokwendalo yepolyphenolic efumaneka kwizityalo ezifana ne-oki, i-chestnut, kunye nequebracho.I-Tannin iyaziwa ngokukwazi ukubopha kwimicu ye-collagen kwisikhumba sesilwanyana, inika isikhumba amandla ayo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.AbakwaTanneries basenokufumana i-tannin ngokuyikhupha kwizinto ezikrwada zezityalo okanye ngokusebenzisa izicatshulwa zetannin ezifumaneka kurhwebo.
Enye into eqhelekileyo yokutshisa ulusu ziityuwa zechromium, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yesikhumba yanamhlanje.I-Chromium tanning iyaziwa ngesantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuvelisa ufele oluthambileyo, oluthambileyo olunokugcina umbala obalaseleyo.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwechromium ekwenziweni ulusu kuphakamise inkxalabo yokusingqongileyo ngenxa yenkunkuma eyityhefu enokubakho kunye nongcoliseko.AbakwaTanneries kufuneka bathobele imimiselo engqongqo kunye nezenzo ezingcono zokunciphisa iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo zokusukwa kwechromium.
Ezinye iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokusukwa zibandakanya iiasidi, iziseko, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zokwenziwa kolusu.Ezi khemikhali zinceda ukususa iinwele kunye nenyama kwizikhumba, ukulungelelanisa i-pH yesisombululo se-tanning, kunye nokuququzelela ukubotshwa kwe-tannins okanye i-chromium kwimicu ye-collagen.AbakwaTanneries kufuneka baphathe le michiza ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.
Ukongeza kwii-agent eziphambili zokutshisa, ii-tanneries zingasebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo ukufezekisa iipropati ezithile okanye ukugqiba kwesikhumba.Oku kunokubandakanya iidayi kunye nee-pigments zombala, i-oyile kunye ne-wax yokuthamba kunye nokumelana namanzi, kunye nee-agent zokugqiba ezifana ne-resin kunye neepolymers zokuthungwa kunye nokucwebezela.Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezincedisayo kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezifunwayo zesikhumba esigqityiweyo, nokuba yinto yefashoni ephezulu okanye imveliso yangaphandle enqabileyo.
Ukukhethwa kunye nokudityaniswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada yokwenza ulusu yinkqubo entsonkothileyo nekhethekileyo efuna ukuqonda okunzulu ngekhemistri, ibhayoloji, kunye nesayensi yezinto.AbakwaTanneries kufuneka balungelelanise ngononophelo imiba efana neendleko, ifuthe lokusingqongileyo, kunye nothotyelo lolawulo ngelixa bezama ukuvelisa ufele olukumgangatho ophezulu oluhlangabezana neemfuno zentengiso.
Njengoko ulwazi lwabathengi ngemiba yendalo esingqongileyo kunye neenqobo ezisesikweni lukhula, kukho umdla okhulayo kwizenzo ezizinzileyo nezilungele ukukhuselwa kwendalo.Abanye abenzi bolusu baphonononga iindlela ezizezinye zokususa ulusu ezivela kwimithombo evuselelekayo, efana namaxolo kunye nencindi yeziqhamo, kunye nobugcisa obutsha obufana nokusukwa kweenzymatic kunye nemifuno.Ezi nzame zijolise ekunciphiseni ukuthembela kwimichiza kunye nokunciphisa indawo yendalo yemveliso yesikhumba.
Ngokubanzi, izinto eziluhlaza zokwenziwa kwesikhumba zihlukeneyo kwaye zininzi, zibonisa imbali etyebileyo kunye nokuqaliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwishishini lesikhumba.Ngokuqonda nokulawula ngononophelo ezi zixhobo, ii-tanneries zinokuqhubeka nokuvelisa ulusu oluphezulu oluhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi ngelixa lujongene nemingeni yokuzinza kunye nokugcinwa kokusingqongileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-14-2024
